Summary: Hydrocarbon steam reconverters (tubular reconverters, hydrogen reconverters) use hydrocarbons as raw materials to produce synthetic ammonia raw gas and hydrogen by steam conversion. The hydrogen production furnace in the refinery, the hydrogen production converter in the methanol plant and the first-stage converter in the ammonia plant are all hydrocarbon steam reconverters. Reformer is one of the key equipment in steam conversion process.
Principle: Water steam as oxidant and qualified hydrocarbons as raw materials, through the conversion of catalyst bed, at high temperature, water steam and hydrocarbons pyrolysis reaction, to produce H2, CO, CO2. It's an intense endothermic reaction. Hydrogen can be obtained by conversion process and purification process. The main hydrocarbon feedstock used is natural gas, but propane, butane, liquefied petroleum gas and light naphtha can also be used.
The reformer can be divided into four types according to the heating method and shape of the radiation chamber.
1: Top fired square box furnace
The fuel enters from the top burner, the flame is straight down and parallel with the furnace tube, and the difference between the length and width of the radiation chamber is small. This type of furnace can be divided into single tube type top burner and harp tube row top burner according to the different pipe system of the radiation chamber.
2: side burning box type furnace
The burner is arranged on both sides of the wall of the radiation chamber, and the flame is a flat flame attached to the wall, and the radiation chamber is much longer than that.
3: Ladder stove
The burner flame burns parallel to the inclined furnace wall, radiating the outside shape and the outside ladder shape. The burner inclined upward is the forward ladder furnace, and the reverse ladder furnace is the reverse ladder furnace.
4: Cylinder furnace
Only used on very small scale devices.
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